Periodic Boundary Condition

The periodic or cyclic boundary condition (BC), is used in computational fluid dynamics simulations. It defines a cyclic/repeating situation of the flow across the boundary surface. For this condition, it is mandatory to select two boundary faces that will be treated as if they are physically connected. The flow exiting/entering from one face then enters/exits the other face.

Generally, this boundary condition is used to approximate infinitely long domains into smaller ones.

Key points to remember before applying the periodic boundary condition:

• The two faces need of same size and shape
• The two faces need not be in the same orientation
• The face elements of the mesh on the two faces need not be congruent. This means both structured and unstructured meshes can be used.

Speaking math, the flux across the two faces is same in magnitude with opposite signs.

Such a mesh can be ensured in SimScale currently using the standard mesher. To know more about the algorithm click here.

Some common examples where the periodic condition can be used are heat exchangers and on pipes.

Last updated: March 19th, 2021